The removal of lead and nickel ions from the water with Verbascum cheiranthifolium l. material [Sudan kurşun ve nikel iyonlarinin verbascum cheiranthifolium l. materyali ile giderimi]

Abstract

In this research, removal Pb(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions by modified mullein (Verbascum cheiranthifolium BOISS. var. cheiranthifolium) plant material was investigated. Effects of modification method on the adsorption capacity improvement for removal of these heavy metals ions have been investigated. Structures of modified mullein plant materials before and after modifications process were examined by the FTIR and SEM analyses. Modification processes were performed using HC1 acid solutions. The investigations of kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic parameters were also studied for HC1 modified mullein plant material. The regeneration processes were studied for the determination of modified mullein plant material's reusability after the adsorption processes. Additional costs for applied modification processes were calculated and compared with the other classical methods. The chemical oxygen demand residues in treated water by modified mullein plant material comparing raw materials were decreased from 910-1430 mg/L to 10-90 mg/L with the modification processes. The removal efficiencies changed with heavy metal concentration in water sample and increased about 70% for modified mullein plant material. Heavy metal adsorption capacities were found maximum about 90 mg/g according to type of adsorbent and modification process. As a result, it was revealed that adsorption capacities and costs efficiency of adsorbent were compatible with conventional adsorbents.