Comparison of Grain Size Distribution and Grain Shape of Various Sand Samples

Abstract

This study aimed to compare grain size distribution and grain shape of sands with different mineralogies and origins. Also, we attempted to investigate the changes in the physical properties of sands with different mineralogical properties. Four different sand samples taken from the Black Sea and Aegean regions were selected for experiments. Sands were named Type 1, Type 5, Type 9, and Type 13. A washing process was applied because clean sand was preferred for the experiments. Grain distributions were determined with wet mechanical analysis, and unwashed and washed samples were compared. The samples were classified as "poorly graded sand." Mineralogical properties were determined by binocular microscope, X-ray, and SEM. When the samples were chosen, attention was given to selecting those with different source rock properties. Their origins were determined to be sedimentary, magmatic, and metamorphic. It was determined that Type 1 sand is volcanic, Types 5 and 9 sands are sedimentary, and Type 13 sand is metamorphic in origin. Additionally, Types 1, 5, and 9 sands were taken from the seashore, and Type 13 sand was taken from the riverside. Also, it was determined that Type 5 is a mixture of river and sea sand. It was understood that different mineralogical properties result in different physical properties. Besides, not only the mineralogy but also the origin (marine or the river) affects the grain distribution and shape. Marine or the river origin has more effect on grain distribution and shape than does mineralogy. However, mineralogy is important in determining specific gravity.