Use of Methyl Methacrylate for Small and Large Cranial Defects: A Single Institute Experience

Abstract

Objective: Data obtained from cases wherein methyl methacrylate was used for cranioplasty are discussed along with the literature, and methods for preventing potential complications are presented. Methods: Records of patients who had been operated for cranioplasty between 2013 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Early and late results of the cases were recorded. Area measurements of cranium defects were performed through computed tomography, scanography, or direct X-ray. The steps considered for preventing known complications are explained, and the results are discussed. Results: Cranioplasty with methyl methacrylate was administered to areas < 10 cm(2) in 29 cases, areas of 10-25 cm(2) in 25 cases, and areas > 25 cm(2) in 10 cases. Cranioplasty with methyl methacrylate was performed in the supratentorial area in 57 cases and in the infratentorial area in 7 cases. In 48 cases, partial cranioplasty was performed by administering methyl methacrylate along with autograft to the craniectomy defect. A subcutaneous drain was left for 2-3 days in all cases. During this period, dual antibiotherapy was administered. Symptoms of infection were not encountered in any case. No clinical symptoms associated with cranioplasty material were discovered in the late follow-up period. Conclusion: When methyl methacrylate is applied with appropriate methods and necessary precautions are taken, it proves as an inexpensive and effective cranioplasty material that can successfully be applied in large cranial defects, which reduces the risk of infection. This inexpensive material can be applied to repair partial craniotomy flap deformities to achieve better cosmetic outcomes.