Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Turkish-specific acromioclavicular score

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The Specific Acromioclavicular Score (SACS) is a questionnaire that assesses functional outcomes for Acromioclavicular Joint (ACJ) pathologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ease of use, reliability, and validity of the Turkish-translated and culturally adapted form of the SACS. METHODS: The SACSwas translated into Turkish according to Beaton's recommendations. Seventy-eight patients were included in this study (67 with acute or chronic AC instability and 11 with symptomatic ACJ arthritis). The mean interval between test and retestwas 13.2 ± 4.6 days. The reliability of the tools was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient. External validity was evaluated using correlations between the SACS,Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Shoulder score, and the SF-36 version 2 (SF-36v2). Floor and ceiling effects were also analyzed. RESULTS: The mean time to complete the Turkish SACS was 3 min 18 s (range, 1 min 40 s to 7 min 9 s). The test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC, 0.988). There was a very good correlation between SACS,OSS, SPADI, and ASES scores (r = 0.645, 0.645, and -0.682, respectively, P < 0.05). A poor correlationwas observed between SACS and subscales of SF-36v2 (P > 0.05). No floor or ceiling effects were detected. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the SACS is a reliable and valid tool tomeasure outcomes after various types of acromioclavicular joint pathologies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, Diagnostic Study.