Experiences of Women who do not Participate in Breast Cancer Screening Programs: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to identify factors that prevent women from participating in breast cancer screening programs. Method: This study was conducted using a phenomenological design within the qualitative research tradition. The sample consisted of 20 women who visited the XXXX Family Health Center in XXXX between February and March 2024. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form and a “Semi-Structured Interview Form” prepared for one-on-one interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed through conventional content analysis, with MAXQDA 2020 software used to facilitate data coding and theme development. Results: The participants’ mean age was 52.3±8.75. Following the analysis, three themes, seven categories, and 98 codes were identified: “Perceptions,” “Knowledge and Awareness,” and “Participation Dynamics and Expectations for Support.”. Conclusion: The main reasons for women's nonparticipation in breast cancer screening were the absence of perceived discomfort and negligence, religious beliefs (prayer, destiny, breastfeeding), fear of unfavorable results, concerns about privacy, and lack of experience. In addition, practical issues, such as transportation difficulties and the cumbersome procedure of making appointments, also reduced participation. Insufficient knowledge, particularly a lack of accurate scientific information, prevents women from understanding the benefits of screening. Overcoming these barriers requires educational interventions, improved transportation options, and increased public trust in the healthcare system.