The Effect of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Sleep Pattern on Success in Medical Students

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of nutrition, physical activity, and sleep patterns on the academic performance of medical students, with a focus on how these lifestyle factors can be incorporated into medical education. A questionnaire-based survey involving 330 medical students from two universities was conducted to collect data on demographic characteristics, nutrition, sleep patterns, and physical activity. Academic performance was assessed by obtaining students’ grade point averages (GPAs) from the respective faculties’ deanships. The relationship between lifestyle factors and academic success was examined using advanced statistical analysis methods: cluster analysis and biplot method. The correlation of the lifestyle factors and GPAs was visualized in a low- dimensional space with a biplot. The findings revealed that students residing with their families, without outside work commitments, engaging in daily walking, and maintaining regular sleep patterns achieved significantly higher GPAs. Students were divided into two distinct clusters based on lifestyle factors and differences in GPA to determine the factors with the greatest impact on academic performance including the impact of studying on physical activity, self-perception of nutritional quality, engagement in daily walking, and self-perception of physical activity. There was a significant statistical difference in GPA values between the clusters. This study highlights the importance of integrating lifestyle medicine into the medical curriculum emphasizing the importance of a stable family life, regular sleep routines, and engagement in physical activity for better academic performance. By promoting healthy behaviors within the medical education, educators can support the well-being and academic success of students. Further research is needed to establish causal relationships and explore potential interventions to support medical students in achieving optimal lifestyle habits for academic success