Akut koroner sendromlu hastalarda elin morfolojik ve morfometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a clinical condition that develops as a result of a sudden reduction or cessation of blood flow in the coronary arteries and is among the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and risk assessment of ACS are of great importance in reducing disease-related complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and morphometric characteristics of the hand in individuals with acute coronary syndrome and to evaluate the relationship between these characteristics and ACS. The study was conducted with 107 individuals (82 males, 25 females) aged 18–75 years who were diagnosed with ACS and 40 healthy individuals (26 males, 14 females). All conditions that could affect upper extremity measurements, as well as individuals with other coronary diseases, were determined as exclusion criteria. Finger lengths, proximal, middle, and distal phalanx lengths, hand fork heights, finger heights, hand width, hand length, hand depth, hand thickness, and finger ratios were evaluated using hand photographs and direct anthropometric measurements. The obtained data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The results of the study showed that age was significantly associated with ACS and that individuals in the ACS group were older than those in the control group. Right-hand finger lengths and right-hand phalanx measurements were found to be significantly higher in the ACS group. Among the left-hand phalanx measurements, the proximal and distal phalanges of the first digit were found to be significantly associated with ACS. The right-hand 2D/4D ratio was significantly higher in the ACS group than in the control group, whereas no significant difference was observed in the left-hand 2D/4D ratio. In addition, the Type C hand pattern (2D > 4D) was found to be more common in the ACS group. Hand thickness was significantly greater in the ACS group and was identified as one of the independent variables associated with ACS in multivariable analyses. ROC analyses demonstrated that the right-hand 2D/4D ratio had a moderate discriminatory ability for predicting ACS. In conclusion, age, hand thickness, phalanx lengths, and the right-hand 2D/4D ratio were found to be associated with acute coronary syndrome. These parameters may be considered as helpful, easily applicable, and non-invasive anthropometric markers for cardiovascular risk assessment.