Extracts of Some Indigenous Plants Affecting Hatching and Mortality in the Root-Knot Nematode [Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood]

Abstract

The root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) (RKNs) are one of the major pests of vegetables which cause yield losses due to galling and reduction in root development and shoot growth. Herein, effects of five different plants extracts; pepper, Capsicum frutescents (Cf); henbane, Hyoscyamus niger (bin); bead-tree, Melia azedarah (Ma); common cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium (Xs); and yarrow, Achillea wilhelmsii (Aw) on eggs and second stage juveniles (J2s) of the RKN (Meloidogyne javanica) were evaluated in vitro tests. All plant extracts showed different levels of anti-nematode's activity. Plant extract concentrations of 3, 6 and 12% for Hn, Xs and Ma caused 100% inhibition of egg hatching, followed by Cf and Aw. Ma and Xs were more effective for inducing mortality among J2s than the other tested extracts.